本书为“国外化学名著系列”之一，主要介绍化学及生化传感器的基本方法和基本技术。内容包括：理论基础、半导体结构、质敏传感器、传导传感器、电容传感器、热敏传感器、电化学传感器、光学传感器等，最后介绍了化学传感器检测与应用、传感器阵列与微全分析系统等。可供化工和食品工业、临床医学或环境监测、生物技术等专业高校师生、科研人员参考。

本书为全英文版。

化学和生化传感器研究以及应用正在迅速增长。最近十多年来，显而易见地，成功发展耐苛刻条件、适应不同日常应用的化学与生化传感器需要化学家与工程师之间通力合作。本书主要介绍化学及生化传感器的基本方法和基本技术。内容包括：理论基础、半导体结构、质敏传感器、传导传感器、电容传感器、热敏传感器、电化学传感器、光学传感器等，最后介绍了化学传感器检测与应用、传感器阵列与微全分析系统等。本书为化学、物理和工程等之间不同的“思维方式”提供了一个简洁的连接桥梁。

本书可供化工和食品工业、临床医学或环境监测、生物技术等专业高校师生、科研人员参考。

1  Introduction

1.1 Sensors and Sensor Science

1.1.1 Sensors - Eyes and Ears of Machines

1.1.2 The Term 'Sensor'

1.2 Chemical Sensors

1.2.1 Characteristics of a Chemical Sensor

1.2.2 Elements of Chemical Sensors

1.2.3 Characterisation of Chemical Sensors

1.3 References

2 Fundamentals

2.1 Sensor Physics

2.1.1 Solids

2.1.2 Optical Phenomena and Spectroscopy

2.1.3 Piezoelectricity and Pyroelectricity

2.2 Sensor Chemistry

2.2.1 Chemical Equilibrium

2.2.2 Kinetics and Catalysis

2.2.3 Electrolytic Solutions

2.2.4 Acids and Bases, Deposition Processes and Complex Compounds

2.2.5 Redox Equilibria

2.2.6 Electrochemistry

2.2.7 Ion Exchange, Solvent Extraction and Adsorption Equilibria.

2.2.8 Special Features of Biochemical Reactions

2.3 Sensor Technology

2.3.1 Thick-Film Technology

2.3.2 Thin-Film Technology and Patterning Procedures

2.3.3 Surface Modification and Ordered Monolayers

2.3.4 Microsystems Technology

2.4 Measurement with Sensors

2.4.1 Primary Electronics for Sensors

2.4.2 Instruments for Electric Measurements

2.4.3 Optical Instruments

2.5 References

3 Semiconductor Structures as Chemical Sensors

3.1 References

4  Mass-Sensitive Sensors

4.1 BAW Sensors

4.2 SAW Sensors

5 Conductivity Sensors and Capacitive Sensors

5.1 Conductometric Sensors

5.2 Resistive and Capacitive Gas Sensors

5.2.1 Gas Sensors Based on Polycrystalline Semiconductors

5.2.2 Gas Sensors Made of Polymers and Gels

5.3 Resistive and Capacitive Sensors for Liquids

5.4 References

6 Thermometric and Calorimetric Sensors

6.1 Sensors with Thermistors and Pellistors

6.2 Pyroelectric Sensors

6.3 Sensors Based on Other Thermal Effects

6.4 References

7  Electrochemical Sensors

7.1 Potentiometric Sensors

7.1.1 Selectivity of Potentiometric Sensors

7.1.2 Ion-Selective Electrodes

7.1.3 The Ion-Selective Field Effect Transistor (ISFET)

7.1.4 Measurement with Potentiometric Sensors

7.2 Amperometric Sensors

7.2.1 Selectivity of Amperometric Sensors

7.2.2 Electrode Design and Examples

7.2.3 Measurement with Amperometric Sensors

7.3 Sensors Based on Other Electrochemical Methods

7.4 Electrochemical Biosensors

7.4.1 Fundamentals

7.4.2 Classes of Electrochemical Biosensors

7.5 References

8  Optical Sensors

8.1 Optical Fibres as a Basis for Optical Sensors

8.2 Fibre Sensors Without Chemical Receptors (Mediators)

8.3 Optodes: Fibre Sensors with a Chemical Receptor

8.3.1 Overview

8.3.2 Optodes with Simple Receptor Layers

8.3.3 Optodes with Complex Receptor Eayers

8.4 Sensors with Planar Optical Transducers

8.4.1  Planar Waveguides

8.4.2 Surface Plasmon Resonance and Resonant-Mirror Prism Couplers

8.5 Optical Biosensors

8.5.1 Fundamentals

8.5.2 Optical Enzyme Sensors

8.5.3 Optical Bioaffinity Sensors

8.5.4 Optical DNA Sensors

8.6 Sensor Systems with Integrated Optics

8.7 References

9  Chemical Sensors as Detectors and Indicators

9.1 Indicators for Titration Processes

9.2 Flow-Through Detectors for Continuous Analysers and for Separation Techniques

9.2.1 Continuous Analysers

9.2.2 Separation Methods

9.3 References

10 Sensor Arrays and Micro Total Analysis Systems

10.1 Two Trends and Their Causes

10.2 Smart Sensors and Sensor Arrays

10.2.1 Intelligence in Sensors

10.2.2 Sensor Arrays

10.3  Micro Total Chemical Analysis Systems (TASS)

10.3.1 History

10.3.2 Technological Aspects

10.3.3 Characteristic Operations and Processes in Micro Total Analysers

10.3.4 Examples of p-TAS

10.4 References

Subject Index