This monograph includes 6 chapters. Chapter 1 describes the basic status of China marginal seas, including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea, and the research progress in marine biogeochemistry in China. From chapter 2 to chapter 5, the research results of biogeochemical processes on biogenic elements in China marginal seas including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea are summarized. Chapter 6 provides the main key biogeochemical processes in China marginal seas, the prospects for biogeochemistry in China marginal seas, and the methods, concepts and focus on marine biogeochemical process research in China.

Biogeochemical Processes of Biogenic Elements in China MarginalSeas is the first monograph dedicated to this topic. The book mainlypresents the latest research achievements of China's national researchprojects about the biogenic element cycling processes in Chinamarginal seas starting in 1999. By describing the biogeochemicalprocesses of China marginal seas, including the Bohai Sea, the YellowSea, the East China Sea, and the South China Sea, it covers almost allkinds of typical ecosystems' regional responses to global oceanicchanges of the estuarine ecosystem, the continental shelf ecosystem,the upwelling ecosystem, the coral reef ecosystem, and the mangroveecosystem. It will be of great interest to scientists and researchers inmarine science.

1 Introduction

 1.1 Basic Status of China Marginal Seas

1.1.1 The Bohai Sea

1.1.2 The Yellow Sea

1.1.3 The East China Sea

1.1.4 The South China Sea

 1.2 Progress in Marine Biogeochemical Process Research in China

1.2.1 Progress in the Studies in Marine Biogeochcmical Processes before 2000 in China

1.2.2 Progress in Biogeochemical Processes of Marine Carbon Cycles since 2000 in China

1.2.3 Biogeochemical Cycle of Biogenic Elements

 1.3 Functions of China Marginal Sea Sediments in Cycles of Biogenic Elements

1.3.1 Biogenic Elements in China Marginal Sea Sediments

1.3.2 Chemical Environments of China Marginal Sea Sediments and Early Diagenesis of Biogenic Elements

1.3.3 Contribution of Settling Particles to Biogenic Element Recycling in China Marginal Seas

1.3.4 Contributions of China Marginal Sea Sediments in the Recycling of Biogenic Elements

1.3.5 Influences of BiologicM Productions in China Marginal Sea Sediments on the Recycling of Biogenic Elements ..

 References

2 Biogeochemical Processes of the Bohai Sea

 2.1 Change Processes of Carbon in the Bohai Sea

2.1.1 Partial Pressure of CO2 in Sea Water

2.1.2 Riverine Sources and Estuarine Fates of Particulate Organic Carbon in Seawaters

2.1.3 Inorganic Carbon in Liaodong Bay Sediments of the Bohai Sea

2.1.4 Biogeochemical Process of Organic Carbon in Sediments

 2.2 Distributions and Transformations of Nitrogen in the Bohai Sea

2.2.1 Nitrogen in Seawaters

2.2.2 Evolution of Nutrients and Primary Production

2.2.3 Nitrogen Forms and the Decomposition of Organic Nitrogen in Sediments

2.2.4 Sediment-Water Exchange of Inorganic Nitrogen

 2.3 Biogeochemical Processes of Phosphorus and Silicon in the Bohai Sea

2.3.1 Distribution of Phosphorus and Silicate in Seawaters

2.3.2 Forms of Phosphorus and Silicon in Surface Sediments

2.3.3 Processes of Nutrients across the Sediment-Water Interface

 2.4 Behaviour of Heavy Metals in the Bohai Sea

2.4.1 Distribution of Dissolved Heavy Metals in Seawaters

2.4.2 Dissolved Heavy Metal Pollution in Bohai Bay

2.4.3 Heavy Metals in Bohai Bay Sediments

 2.5 Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Coastal Areas of the Bohai Sea

2.5.1 Distributions of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Sediments and Mollusks

2.5.2 Composition and Sources of Persistent Organic Pollutants

2.5.3 Potential Risk of Persistent Organic Pollutants

 References

3 Biogeochemical Processes of the Yellow Sea

 3.1 Dynamic Processes of the Yellow Sea

3.1.1 Yellow Sea Currents

3.1.2 Water Exchange Between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

 3.2 Carbon Biogeoehemical Processes in the Yellow Sea

3.2.1 Carbon Processes across the Air-Sea Interface

3.2.2 Biological Carbon Fixation in the South Yellow Sea Seawater

3.2.3 Initial Carbon Fixed Production

 3.3 DimethylsuIfide and Its Fluxes across the Sea-Air Interface of the Yellow Sea

3.3.1 Characteristics of Dimethylsulfide and Dimethylsulfoniopropionate

3.3.2 Sea-to-Air Flux of Dimethylsulfide

3.3.3 Source and Sink of Dimethylsulfide in the Microlayer

 3.4 Biogeochemical Characteristics Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Yellow Sea

3.4.1 Variations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Seawaters

3.4.2 Dry and Wet Fluxes of Nutrients

3.4.3 Nutrients in the South Yellow Sea Sediments

3.4.4 Nitrogen in the North Yellow Sea Sediments

3.4.5 Biogeochemical Processes of Phosphorus

 3.5 Biogeochemical Processes of Jiaozhou Bay, South Yellow Sea

3.5.1 Behaviour and Variation of Carbon

3.5.2 Historical Variation of Nitrogen

3.5.3 Historical Variation of Phosphorus

3.5.4 Biogenic Silica in the Sediments

3.5.5 Nutrients (N, P, Si) in the Seawaters

 3.6 Biogeochemical Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Yellow Sea Sediments

3.6.1 Distributions of Heavy Metals

3.6.2 Annual Variations

3.6.3 Controlling and Influencing Factors

3.6.4 Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Evaluation

 3.7 Biogeochemistry of PAHs and PCBs in the Yellow Sea Sediments

3.7.1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Sediments of the Northern Yellow Sea

3.7.2 Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Sediments of the South Yellow Sea

3.7.3 Contamination History of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the 20th Century

 References

4 Biogeochemical Processes of the East China Sea

 4.1 Dynamic Processes in the East China Sea and Its Adjacent Ocean

4.1.1 Circulation and Sea-Air Interaction in the Southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea ,

4.1.2 The Kuroshio

4.1.3 Currents East of the Pyukyu Islands

 4.2 Carbon Cycling in the East China Sea

4.2.1 Spatial Distributions of Inorganic Carbon in Seawaters

4.2.2 Organic Carbon (Dissolved Organic Carbon and Particulate Organic Carbon) in seawaters

4.2.3 Key Biogeochemical Processes of Carbon in Seawaters

4.2.4 Inorganic Carbon in Sediments

4.2.5 Biogeochemical Characteristics of Organic Carbon in Sediment

 4.3 Nitrogen Variations and Budgets in the East China Sea

4.3.1 Seasonal Variations of Nitrogen in Seawaters

4.3.2 Nitrogen Distribution and Its Influencing Factors in the Sediment

4.3.3 Fluxes of Nitrogen

 4.4 Phosphorus Biogeochemistry in the East China Sea

4.4.1 Distribution of Phosphorus in the Seawater

4.4.2 Distribution of Phosphorus in the Sediments

4.4.3 Phosphorus Burial Fluxes

4.4.4 Phosphorus Balance

4.4.5 Cycling of Phosphorus

 4.5 Silicate and Biogenic Silica in the East China Sea

4.5.1 Spatial Distribution of the Dissolved Silicate in Seawaters

4.5.2 Distribution of Biogenic Silica in Sediments

4.5.3 Silica Balance on the East China Sea Shelf

 4.6 Dissolved Oxygen and 02 Flux across the Sea-Air Interface of the ECS

4.6.1 Dissolved Oxygen Distributions in Seawaters

4.6.2 O2 Flux across the Sea-Air Interface

4.6.3 Factors Influencing Dissolved Oxygen Concentration

 References

5 Biogeochemical Processes of the South China Sea

 5.1 Water Dynamical Processes in the South China Sea

5.1.1 Circulation and Eddies

5.1.2 Water Exchange via the Straits

5.1.3 Dynamics of the Mixed Layer and Thermocline of the South China Sea

 5.2 Nutrient Budgets in the Seawaters of the South China Sea

5.2.1 Nitrogen Budgets

5.2.2 Phosphorus Budgets

5.2.3 Silicate Budgets

 5.3 Biogeochemical Processes in the Pearl River Estuary

5.3.1 Nutrients in Coastal Waters of the Pearl River Estuary

5.3.2 Carbon in the Pearl River Estuary

 5.4 Biogenic Elements in the Northern South China Sea

5.4.1 Carbon in the Northern South China Sea

5.4.2 Distributions of Inorganic Nutrients in the Northern South China Sea

 5.5 Biogeochemical Processes in the Nansha Islands Waters

5.5.1 Coral Reefs and Their Affected Factors

5.5.2 Simulated Drift-Net Theory: The New Viewpoint on the High Productivity Supporting the Nansha Coral Reef Ecosystem

5.5.3 Nitrogen in Sediments of the Nansha Islands Waters

5.5.4 Carbon Cycling in the Nansha Coral Reef Ecosystem

5.5.5 Vertical Transferring Process of Major and Rare Elements in the Nansha Coral Rreef Lagoons

5.5.6 Sulfide (-2 Valence) in Lagoon and Off-Reef Sediment Interstitial Waters

 References

6 Prospects for Marine Biogeochemical Process Research in China

 6.1 Marine Biogeochemical Process Research in China

6.1.1 Introduction

6.1.2 Focus on Marine Biogeochemical Process Research in China

6.1.3 Research Methods of China Marginal Seas'Biogeochemical Process

 6.2 Main Key Biogeochemical Processes in China Marginal Seas

6.2.1 River Input

6.2.2 Coastal Anthropogenic Activities

6.2.3 Biological Pump

6.2.4 Ecological Disasters

 6.3 Prospects for Biogeochemistry in China Marginal Seas

 References

Index