Chapter 1 Language and Linguistics
1.1 Introduction
1.2 History of Linguistics
1.3 Why Study Linguistics?
1.4 Properties of Language
1.5 Body Language and Other "Languages"
1.6 Functions of Language
1.7 Branches in Linguistics
1.8 FAQ about Studying Linguistics
1.9 Summary
Chapter 2 Phonetics: Speech Sounds
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Spelling, Pronunciation and Phonetic Transcription
2.3 Speech Organs
2.4 The Phonetic Properties of Speech Sounds
2.5 Vowels
2.6 Summary
Chapter 3 Phonology : Sound Patterns
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Distinctive Sounds of a Language
3.3 Beyond the Sound Segments
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 Lexicon
4.1 Introduction
4.2 What Is Word?
4.3 Classification of Words
4.4 Morpheme and Its Types
4.5 Wnrd-fnrmatlnn
4.6 Summary
Chapter 5 Grammar: Clause
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Word Classes and Word Order
5.3 Clause Types
5.4 Grammatical Categories
5.5 "Half-clauses"
5.6 Semantic Roles of Clause Elements
5.7 How Do We Play with Clauses?
5.8 Summary
Chapter 6 Grammar: Text
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Theme and Textual Function
6.3 Information Structure
6.4 Cohesion
6.5 Conversation Analysis
6.6 Summary
Chapter 7 Language and Meaning
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Word Meaning
7.3 How Are Word Meanings Related?
7.4 How Is Word Meaning Analyzed?
7.5 Sentence Meaning
7.6 Context and Implieature
7.7 Summary
Chapter 8 Pragmatics.. Meaning in Use
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Deixis
8.3 Presupposition
8.4 Conversational Implieature
8.5 Linguistic Politeness
8.6 Speech Acts
8.7 Summary
Chapter 9 Cognitive Linguistics:Language and Cognition
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Language as Conceptual Metaphor
9.3 Cognitive Grammar
9.4 Construction Grammar
9.5 Cognitive Semantics
9.6 Conceptual Semantics
9.7 Summary
Chapter 10 Writing System
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The History of Writing
10.3 Types of Writing Systems
10.4 The Innovation and Reformation of Writing System
10.5 Chinese Characters
10.6 The Importance of Writing
10.7 Summary
Chapter 11 Language Change
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Language Change in Various Aspects
11.3 Life and Death of Language
11.4 Causes of Language Change
11.5 Summary
Chapter 12 Varieties and Variation
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Dialects and Standard Varieties
12.3 Variation According to Use-Register and Genre
12.4 Summary
Key to Questions and Exercises
