BOOK I
CHAPTER Ⅰ
CHAPTER Ⅱ Of Paternal and Regal Power
CHAPTER Ⅲ Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty by Creation
CHAPTER Ⅳ Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty by Donation, Oen. i. 28
CHAPTER Ⅴ Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty by the Subjection of Eve
CHAPTER Ⅵ Of Adam's Title to Sovereignty by Fatherhood
CHAPTER Ⅶ Of Fatherhood and Property considered together as Fountains of Sovereignty
CHAPTER Ⅷ Of the Conveyance of Adam's sovereign Monarchical Power
CHAPTER Ⅸ Of Monarchy, by Inheritance from Adam
CHAPTER Ⅹ Of the Heir to Adam's Monarchical Power
CHAPTER Ⅺ Who Heir?
BOOK Ⅱ
CHAPTER Ⅰ
CHAPTER Ⅱ Of the State of Nature
CHAPTER Ⅲ Of the State of War
CHAPTER Ⅳ Of Slavery
CHAPTER Ⅴ Of Property
CHAPTER Ⅵ Of Paternal Power
CHAPTER Ⅶ Of Political or Civil Society
CHAPTER Ⅷ Of the Beginning of Political Societies
CHAPTER Ⅸ Of the Ends of Political Society and Government
CHAPTER Ⅹ Of the Forms of a Common-wealth
CHAPTER Ⅺ Of the Extent of the Legislative Power
CHAPTER Ⅻ Of the Legislative, Executive, and Federative Power of the Common-wealth
CHAPTER ⅩⅢ Of the Subordination of the Powers of the Common-wealth
CHAPTER ⅩⅣ Of Prerogative
CHAPTER ⅩⅤ Of Paternal, Political, and Despotical Power, considered together
CHAPTER ⅩⅥ Of Conquest
CHAPTER ⅩⅦ Of Usurpation
CHAPTER ⅩⅧ Of Tyranny
CHAPTER ⅩⅨ Of the Dissolution of Government

《政府论》上、下篇先后发表于1689和1690年，既是对1688年英国光荣革命所做的理论辩护，也是对历经半个世纪的那场革命中的各阶级、各阶层的政治思想进行的梳理和总结。《政府论》做的工作主要是两个方面：批判与建构。上篇主要是“批判”，即驳斥保王派代表菲尔默的君权神授和王位承袭论(“厘清并驳斥罗伯特·菲尔默爵士言论的错误根据和基础”)；下篇则是“建构”，即正面论述洛克本人的政治理念(“涉及公民政府的真正源起、范围、目的”)。