Preface
1 Introduction
2 Units of Radiation Protection
2.1 Supplementary Information
2.2 Problems
3 Basic Nuclear Physics
3.1 Supplementary Information
3.2 Problems
4 Interaction of Ionizing Radiation with Matter
4.1 Detection of Charged Particles
4.2 Detection of Neutrons
4.3 Detection of Photons
4.4 Supplementary Information
4.5 Problems
5 Detectors for Radiation Protection
5.1 Ionization Chamber
5.2 Proportional Counters and Geiger=Mtiller Counters
5.3 Scintillation Counters
5.4 Semiconductor Counters
5.5 Neutron Dosimeters
5.6 Personal Dosimeters
5.7 Measurement of Incorporations and Contaminations
5.8 Supplementary Information
5.9 Problems
6 International Safety Standards for Radiation Protection
6.1 European Directive
6.2 American Directive
6.3 Other Countries
6.3.1 Australia
6.3.2 Brazil
6.3.3 Canada
6.3.4 China
6.3.5 India
6.3.6 Japan
6.3.7 Mexico
6.3.8 Russia.
6.3.9 South Africa
6.4 Supplementary Information
6.5 Problems
7 Organization of Radiation Protection
7.1 Supplementary Information
7.2 Problems
8 Practical Safety Measures
8.1 Licensing
8.2 Design Approval
8.3 Arrangements for Fire Fighting
8.4 Arrangements for Mitigating the Consequences of Severe or Design-Basis Accidents
8.5 Instruction and Training
8.6 Protection of Air, Water, and Soil
8.7 Special Reasons for Radiation Exposure
8.8 Handling of Unsealed Radioactive Sources
8.9 Medical Supervision
8.10 Storage and Security of Radioactive Substances
8.11 Bookkeeping
8.12 Waste Treatment and Storage of Radioactive Waste
8.13 Packaging and Transport
8.14 Supplementary Information
8.15 Problems
9 Radiation Sources
9.1 Particle Radiation
9.2 Photon Sources
9.3 Neutron Sources
9.4 Cosmic-Ray Sources
9.5 Supplementary Information
9.6 Problems
10 X Rays and X-Ray Regulations
10.1 Supplementary Information
10.2 Problems
11 Environmental Radioactivity
11.1 Cosmic Rays
11.2 Terrestrial Radiation
11.3 Incorporation of Radioisotopes
11.4 Radiation Exposure by Technical Installations
11.5 Supplementary Information
11.6 Problems
12 Nuclear Power Plants
12.1 Nuclear-Fission Reactors
12.2 Fusion Reactors
12.2.1 Inertial Fusion
12.2.2 Fusion by Magnetic Containment
12.3 Supplementary Information
12.4 Problems
13 Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
13.1 Supplementary Information
13.2 Problems
14 Radiation Accidents
14.1 Supplementary Information
14.2 Problems
15 Non-Ionizing Radiation
15.1 Supplementary Information
15.2 Problems
16 Solutions to the Problems
16.1 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 2
16.2 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 3
16.3 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 4
16.4 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 5
16.5 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 6
16.6 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 7
16.7 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 8
16.8 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 9
16.9 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 10
16.10 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 11
16.11 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 12
16.12 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 13
16.13 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 14
16.14 Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 15
Formulary
17 Written Test on Radiation Protection
17.1 Problems
17.2 Solutions for the Written Test
18 Radiation-Protection Glossary
Appendixes
A Table of Frequently Used Radioisotopes
B Exemption Limits for Absolute and Specific Activities
C Maximum Permitted Activity Concentrations Discharged from Radiation Areas
D Examples of Limits for Surface Contaminations
E Definition of Radiation Areas
F Radiation Weighting Factors WR
G Tissue Weighting Factors wT
H Physical Constants
I Useful Conversions
J List of Abbreviations
K List of Elements
L Decay Chains
M List of Isotopes Frequently Used in Nuclear Medicine and Radiology
N Critical Organs for Various Radioisotopes
O Simplified Table of Isotopes and Periodic Table of Elements
P Decay-Level Schemes
Q Introduction into the Basics of Mathematics
Q.1 Derivatives and Integrals
Q.2 Exponential Function
Q.3 Natural Logarithm
Further Reading
Photo Credit for Commercial Products
Index
