牙周疾病在我国是高发疾病，虽然它是一组可预防、可治疗的疾病，然而由于我国口腔医师的匮乏，以及对牙周病的诊治和预防意识不够，致使公众不能得到应有的牙周保健。

本教材力求系统、全面地介绍牙周病学的最新观点和内容，同时又对本学科有一个历史和发展的认识。尽量做到适应21世纪牙周病学发展的形势，其内容应适合未来将成为口腔通科医师的长学制口腔医学生，希望它对研究生和专门从事牙周病诊治的临床医师也有所裨益。

1 绪论Introduction

 1-1 古代文明对牙周病的认识 Ancient Concepts of Periodontal Diseases

 1-2 现代牙周病学的发展 Development of Modem Periodontology

 1-3 牙周病学在口腔医学中的位置 The Importance of Periodontics in Stomatology

2 正常的牙周组织 The Normal Periodontium

 2-1 牙龈 Gingiva

 2-2 牙周膜 Periodontal Ligament

 2-3 牙骨质 Cementum

 2-4 牙槽骨 Alveolar Bone

 2-5 牙周组织的血液供应及神经支配 Blood Supply and Innervation ofthe Periodontium

 2-6 牙周组织的增龄性改变 Aging of the Periodontium

3 牙周病的分类 Classification of Periodontal Diseases

 3-1 几种主要分类法的简介 Classifications in the Past

 3-2 1999年的新分类法 1999 Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions

4 牙周病的流行病学 Epidemiology of Periodontal Diseases

 4-1 牙周病的流行情况 Prevalence of Periodontal Diseases

 4-2 牙周病的危险因素评估 Risk Assessment of Periodontal Diseases

 4-3 牙周流行病学指数的发展及其评价 Periodontal Indices for Epidemiological Surveys

 4-4 影响牙周病流行病学研究的因素 Problems in Periodontal Epidemiological Study

5 牙周微生物学 Microbiology of Periodontal Diseases

 5-1 牙周生态系 Periodontal Ecosystem

 5-2 牙周病的始动因子--牙菌斑生物膜 InitialFactorofPeriodontalDiseases-Dental Plaque Biofilm

 5-3 牙周病的微生物-宿主相互关系 Microbial Interactions with the Host in Periodontal Diseases

 5-4 牙周致病菌与疾病关系 Relation between Periodontal Pathogens and Diseases

 5-5 牙周微生物的毒力因子 Virulent Factors of Periodontal Pathogens

6 牙周病的免疫炎症反应 Immunoinflammatory Responses in Periodontal Diseases

 6-1 宿主的免疫炎症反应 Host Immunoinflammatory Responses in Periodontal Diseases

 6-2 牙周炎发病中宿主和微生物的相互作用 Host-parasite Interactions in Periodontitis

 6-3 牙周组织的防御机制 Defense Mechanisms of Pefiodontal Tissues

7 局部和全身促进因素 Local and Host Contributing Factors

 7-1 局部促进因素 Local Contribution Factors

 7-2 全身性促进因素 Host Contributing Factors

8 牙周病的检查及危险因素评估 Clinical Diagnosis and Risk Assessment

 8-1 收集病史 Health History

 8-2 口腔卫生状况 Oral Hygiene Status

 8-3 牙龈的炎症状况 Gingival Inflammation

 8-4 牙周探诊 Pocket Probing Examination

 8-5 其它临床检查 Other Clinical Examinations

 8-6 X线检查 Radiographic Aids

 8-7 辅助诊断方法 Advanced Diagnostic Techniques

 8-8 危险因素评估 Risk Assessment

9 牙龈病 Gingival Diseases

 9-1 菌斑性龈炎 Dental Plaque-Induced Gingivitis

 9-2 青春期龈炎 Puberty-Associated Gingivitis

 9-3 妊娠期龈炎 Pregnancy-Associated Gingivitis

 9-4 白血病的龈病损 Leukemia-Associated Gingival lesions

 9-5 药物性牙龈肥大 Drug-induced Gingival Enlargements

 9-6 遗传性龈纤维瘤病 Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis

 9-7 坏死性溃疡性龈炎 Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

 9-8 龈乳头炎 Localized Papillary Gingivitis

 9-9 急性多发性龈脓肿 Acute Multiple Gingival Abscesses

 9-10 浆细胞龈炎 Plasma Cell Gingivitis

 9-11 牙龈瘤 Epulis

10 慢性牙周炎 Chronic Periodontitis

 10-1 慢性牙周炎的病因学 Etiology of Chronic Periodontitis

 10-2 牙周炎的组织病理学 Histopathology of Periodontitis

 10-3 牙周病的活动性 Periodontal Disease Activity

 10-4 慢性牙周炎的临床表现 Clinical Features of Chronic Periodontitis

 10-5 慢性牙周炎的分型和分度 Pattems and Disease Severity of Chronic Periodontitis

 10-6 慢性牙周炎的治疗 Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis

11 侵袭性牙周炎 Aggressive Periodontitis

 11-1 命名的历史背景 Historical Background

 11-2 侵袭性牙周炎的危险因素 Risk Factors for Aggressive Periodontitis

 11-3 侵袭性牙周炎的病理改变 Pathological Changes ofAggressive Periodontitis

 11-4 侵袭性牙周炎的临床特点 Clinical Features of Aggressive Periodontitis

 11-5 侵袭性牙周炎的诊断 Diagnosis of Aggressive Periodontitis

 11-6 侵袭性牙周炎的治疗原则 Treatment Principle of Aggressive Periodontitis

12 反映全身疾病的牙周炎 Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic diseases

 12-1 掌跖角化-牙周破坏综合征 Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome

 12-2 Down综合征 Down Syndrome

 12-3 白细胞功能异常 Dysfunction of Neutrophils

 12-4 糖尿病 Diabetes Mellitus

 12-5 艾滋病 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome，AIDS

13 根分叉病变 Furcation Involvement

 13-1 发病因素 Etiologic Factors

 13-2 组织病理学改变 Changes of Histopatholgy

 13-3 临床表现 Clinical Features

 13-4 治疗原则 Treatment Principles

 13-5 手术治疗 Surgical Therapy

 13-6 根分叉病变的预后 Prognosis of Furcation Involvement

14 牙周-牙髓联合病变 Periodontal-Endodontic Combined Lesions

 14-1 牙周组织和牙髓的解剖通道 Anatomical Inter-relations of Periodontium and Pulp

 14-2 牙周-牙髓联合病变的临床类型 Clinical Patterns of Periodontal-Endodontic Combined Lesions

 14-3 治疗原则 Treatment Principle

15 牙周炎的其他伴发病变 Other Secondary Lesions of Periodontitis

 15-1 牙周脓肿 Periodontal Abscesses

 15-2 牙龈退缩 Gingival Recession

 15-3 牙的病理性移位 Pathological Tooth Migration

16 牙周医学 Periodontal Medicine

 16-1 牙周医学简史 A Brief History of Periodontal Medicine

 16-2 牙周感染的特点 Nature of Periodontal Infection

 16-3 牙周感染与全身健康的关联和可能的病理机制 Biological Plausibility and Pathobiology

 16-4 展望 Outlook for the Future

17 牙周病的预后 Prognosis of Periodontal Disease

 17-1 影响预后判断的因素 Factors to Consider When Determining a Prognosis

 17-2 牙龈炎的预后 Prognosis of Gingivitis

 17-3 牙周炎的预后 Prognosis of Periodontitis

18 牙周病的治疗计划 Treatment Plan of Periodontal Disease

 18-1 牙周病治疗的目标 Goals of Periodontal Treatment

 18-2 治疗程序 Treatment Sequence

 18-3 有全身疾病患者的牙周治疗 Periodontal Treatment for Systemically Compromised Patients

19 牙周基础治疗 Initial Therapy of Periodontal Diseases

 19-1 菌斑控制 Plaque Control

 19-2 洁治、龈下刮治和根面平整 Scaling and Root Planing

 19-3 清除菌斑滞留因素 Removal of Plaque Retention Factors

 19-4 基础治疗后的组织愈合及效果评价 Healing and Evaluation after Initial Therapy

20 咬合创伤及■治疗 Trauma from Occlusion and Occlusal Therapy

 20-1 咬合创伤的概念及相关的名称 Definition andTerminologyofOcclusalTrauma

 20-2 咬合创伤与牙周炎的关系 Relationship between Occlusal Trauma and Periodontitis

 20-3 咬合检查和咬合创伤的指征 Occlusal Examination and Indications of Occlusal Trauma

 20-4 松动牙的临床评估 Clinical Assessment of Tooth Mobility

 20-5 ■治疗的原则与松动牙的处理 Principles for Occlusal Therapy and Management for Tooth Mobility

 20-6 食物嵌塞的临床处理 Treatment of Food Impaction

21 牙周病的药物治疗 Chemotherapy of Periodontal Diseases

 21-1 药物治疗的目的和原则 Objectives and Principles for Chemotherapy

 21-2 全身抗微生物的治疗 Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy

 21-3 调节宿主防御反应的药物治疗 Host modulatory chemotherapy

 21-4 局部药物治疗 Local Chemotherapy

22 牙周手术治疗的总则 General Principles of Periodontal Surgery

 22-1 牙周手术治疗的目的 Objectives of Periodontal Surgery

 22-2 牙周手术治疗的时机及适应证 Indications for Periodontal Surgery

 22-3 牙周手术的基本程序和原则 Basic Procedures of Periodontal Surgery

 22-4 牙周敷料 Periodontal Dressing

23 牙周基础性手术 Periodontal Surgery：Access Surgery

 23-1 牙龈切除术和牙龈成形术 Gingivectomy and Gingivoplasty

 23-2 牙周翻瓣术的原则 Rationale for Periodontal Flap Surgery

 23-3 不同种类的牙周翻瓣术 Various F1ap Techniques

 23-4 牙周骨手术 Osseous Surgery

24 牙周再生性手术 Periodontal Regenerative Surgery

 24-1 引导性组织再生术 Guided Tissue Regeneration

 24-2 植骨术 Bone Graft Procedures

 24-3 促进牙周组织再生的其他方法 Other Techniques to Promote Periodontal Regeneration

 24-4 牙周再生治疗的评价 Evaluation of Periodontal Regeneration

25 牙周成形手术 Periodontal Plastic Surgery

 25-1 牙冠延长术 Crown Lengthening Surgery

 25-2 膜龈手术 Mucogingival Surgery

26 牙周病的维护治疗 Periodontal Maintenance Therapy

 26-1 牙周维护治疗的生物学基础 Biological Basis for Periodontal Maintenance

 26-2 牙周维护治疗的原则及主要内容 The Principle and Treatment Considerations of Periodontal Maintenance

 26-3 牙周维护治疗间隔期的确定及时间分配 Intervals and Time Allotted for Periodontal Maintenance

 26-4 牙周病危险因素及风险评估在维护治疗中的特殊意义 Implications of Risk Assessment in Periodontal Maintenance

 26-5 维护治疗期通科医师和牙周专科医生之间的互动与合作 Cooperation and Coordination Among General Dentists and Specialists

 26-6 牙周病长期疗效的评估 Assessment of Long-term Effectiveness of Periodontal Treatment

 26-7 展望 Prospect

27 牙周健康与修复治疗和正畸治疗的关系 Periodontal-restorative and Periodontal-Orthodontic Relationships

 27-1 修复体的设计应有利于牙周健康 Biological Considerations for Restoration Designing

 27-2 修复治疗的时机 Timing of Restoration Placement

 27-3 牙周炎患者正畸治疗的适应证 Indications of Orthodontic Treatment for Periodontitis Patients

 27-4 正畸治疗对牙周组织的影响 Impact of Orthodontics on the Periodontium

28 种植体周围病 Peri-implant Diseases

 28-1 种植体与周围组织的界面结构特点 Characteristics of Host-implant Interface

 28-2 种植体周围病的致病因素 Contributing Factors of Peri-implant Diseases

 28-3 种植体周围病的临床表现和评估 Clinical Symptoms and Assessment of Peri-implant Disease

 28-4 种植体周围病的预防 Prevention of Peri-implant Disease

 28-5 种植体周围病的治疗 Treatment of Peri-implant Disease

索引

彩图